Kruskal's Algorithm is used to find the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) of a connected, weighted graph. A Minimum Spanning Tree is a subset of the graph's edges that connects all the vertices together without any cycles, and with the minimum possible total edge weight. In simple words, it helps us connect all the points in a network (represented by the graph) in the most efficient way possible i.e. by minimizing the cost of the connections.
The algorithm works by sorting all edges in non-decreasing order of their weights and adding them to the Minimum Spanning Tree while ensuring no cycles are formed (using Union-Find or Disjoint Set Union).
Kruskal's algorithm is particularly useful for sparse graphs, where the number of edges is much smaller than the number of nodes. Its strength lies in its ability to find MST by considering edges in order of weight, without needing to examine the structure of the graph directly in every step.
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